10 reasons why the Full English Breakfast is one of the world’s great meals

The English breakfast is one of the best-loved national meals in the world. Sir Winston Churchill refused to start the day until he’d polished off his Full English in bed – along with a cigar and a weak whisky and soda. Nothing quite marks Britain's cultural hegemony more than a full-blown fry-up.

It's as popular as ever

‘I don’t think it will ever fall out of favour,’ predicts Maarten Geschwindt, former head chef at The Wolseley in Piccadilly, London, now in charge of the kitchen at The Landmark London in Marylebone. ‘It’s the absolute staple – there is still high demand for it on a daily basis.’

And in spite of the trend towards more fashionable and healthier (though vastly more boring) breakfast alternatives, recent statistics suggest we’re still sticklers for tradition: sales of eggs and bacon are on the increase this year.

It's an ancient British tradition

'The idea of the English breakfast as a national dish goes right back to the 13th century and the country houses of the gentry,’ explains Guise Bule, chairman of the English Breakfast Society, who has spent considerable time researching the first meal of the day. ‘In the old Anglo-Saxon tradition of hospitality, households would provide hearty breakfasts for visiting friends, relatives and neighbours.’

It's a showcase of magnificent British food

Food anthropologist Kaori O’Connor explains that a decadent breakfast was an ideal that people aspired to. ‘It became a precursor to a day’s hunting or shooting and gave the host a chance to show off the excellence of his estate’s produce… fine hams or excellent cheeses, smoked fish or rich cream,’ she writes in her book The English Breakfast.

It's moved with the times

The original Full English actually bore little resemblance to modern-day fry-ups. In fact, it wasn’t until the Victorian working classes adopted bacon and eggs as a staple that the ingredients began to be standardised. Their basic cooked breakfast with tea and toast became a daily routine and provided workers with the energy and full stomach needed to sustain them through a day of gruelling manual labour.

You can tweak it any way you like

The basics are generally the same, but the varieties are near-endless. From extravagant brunches served in chic London restaurants to fat-laden fry-ups in greasy spoons, exactly what does or doesn’t belong on the plate depends on whom you ask.

The Fry Up Inspector, an anonymous food blogger who has travelled the country in search of the perfect fry-up, believes a full English should include the following: sausages, bacon, eggs, mushrooms, tomatoes and toast. ‘I personally like beans with mine, too, as the plate can seem a bit dry without them,’ he divulges.

Mention baked beans to Jeremy Lee, head chef at Quo Vadis, and the response is a loud harrumph. ‘I just don’t get them,’ he sighs. ‘If you really need something to dip things in, add tomato ketchup.’

Of course, the idea of putting tomato ketchup within six feet of an egg yolk would be enough to send many right-thinking people screaming for the door. Yet brown sauce, generally more divisive, seems more widely acceptable.

Take breakfast at The Wolseley, for example. It's a traditional affair of sausages, bacon, fried eggs, tomatoes, black pudding, baked beans, chestnut mushrooms and two slices of toast, and with brown sauce considered de rigueur.

At the Hawksmoor in London – where steak is king, but breakfast comes a close second – executive chef Richard Turner serves a mind-boggling array of comestibles, including bone marrow – ‘a decadent lubricant to spread on your toast’ – bubble and squeak and pig’s-trotter baked beans (haricot beans stewed overnight in pig’s trotters).

It's the ultimate showcase for the brilliant British banger...

All the chefs we spoke to agree that quality meat is a key ingredient in the traditional full English. ‘We produce the most fantastic variety of sausages in this country from breeds such as the Lincolnshire, the Cumberland and the Gloucester Old Spot – each has its own distinct flavour,’ extols Mr Lee.

‘At Quo Vadis, we use various types. The most important thing is that the pork should be minced finely, mixed with breadcrumbs and contain plenty of dried herbs.’

...and also for bacon and eggs, no matter how you prefer them

When it comes to bacon, ‘back is best’, according to the English Breakfast Society. ‘It needs to be sliced properly, so that the rashers include belly and loin,’ counsels Mr Bule. Contrastingly, at The Wolseley, streaky bacon wins the day.

As for the eggs? Either fried or poached is fine by us so long as they're beautifully cooked and slightly runny – and everyone has their own tricks for getting htem just right. The Hawksmoor opts for Burford Browns, for example. ‘They’re really nice and tasty,’ recommends Mr Turner. ‘I was always taught to fry eggs in butter, but now I use olive oil. It makes them crispy round the edges and they look great on the plate.’

Quo Vadis, on the other hand, chooses Clarence Court eggs for their sunset-orange yolks. ‘Eggs are often the most difficult thing to get right as everyone likes them cooked differently,’ acknowledges the Fry Up Inspector, who likes his runny, but with no uncooked white.

It's pretty much the only chance you ever get to eat black pudding

For some, the mere inclusion of black pudding is equally contentious. ‘There’s a huge gulf between a good black pudding and a terrible one,’ points out Mr Lee, who sources his from Stornoway. The Wolseley, however, offers French boudin noir in its breakfasts, due to its ‘lovely firm texture’.

But there's a real demand for black pudding at breakfast, as Joe McElroy, founder of Daily Bread, a cafe in Tunbridge Wells, has found. ‘To begin with, we didn’t have it on the menu, but customers started requesting it, so we went in search of some,’ he explains. ‘It comes from Ian Chatfield, a local Kent butcher, who knows his stuff.’

The regional versions are different, interesting and just as good

‘White pudding makes a breakfast Irish and hash browns make it American,’ pronounces Mr Turner. You might well get laverbread if you’re in Wales, while a good Scottish breakfast – a big favourite in the Country Life office – can often include and haggis and tattie scones. Sublime.

And finally, it's always the right time for a fry-up

If you've got this far in this article without starting to drool and feel hungry, well, you're made of sterner stuff than us! It’s time to slip on an apron, whip out the frying pan and bring home the bacon.

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