You've almost certainly been making cups of tea wrong for years

Britain's love affair with tea began in 1662, when Charles II’s Queen, Catherine de Braganza, introduced it to the English Court. Since then, the members of the Royal Family have set the rules of tea etiquette, with the world following their lead. If you are served ‘milk tea’ in Japan, it is because they have seen the royals add milk to black tea. They may even copy The King by adding milk to Earl Grey, nicely dismissing a tea taboo.

The most significant moments in life are often accompanied by tea. It may surprise even American readers to know that White House presidential transitions take place over a cup of tea. Amid the weight of history, diplomacy and the world’s watchful eyes, do presidents worry about pinkie placement — or are they simply focused on not spilling tea on themselves?

From British-style tea rooms in China to the White House, tea etiquette starts here and continues to evolve. At its heart, it is about how best to enjoy a simple pleasure. After all, a perfectly brewed cup, sipped either in good company or in solitude, is one of life’s great joys. Whether you prefer a builder’s brew or an exquisite Darjeeling, applying a few basic dos and don’ts will ensure that you sip in fine style.

11 golden rules for drinking tea — and eight things you should never do

• Use loose-leaf tea when possible

It allows the leaves to unfurl, releasing a richer flavour.

• Warm the teapot first

Swirling hot water in it before adding tea keeps the temperature consistent.

• Turn down the heat

Higher-quality teas benefit from slightly cooler water temperatures — try 85˚C/185˚F and a longer infusion time to taste the difference.

• Mind your milk

The debate rages on: milk first or last? Historically, milk went in first to protect delicate chinaware, but, today, many prefer adding it second to control strength. Either way, tea is the biggest supporter of the dairy industry.

• Stir correctly

Move the spoon back and forth, rather than creating a whirlpool.

• Hold your cup properly

There is no need for the pseudo-aristocratic pinkie. Hold the handle between thumb and forefinger, with the middle finger supporting underneath.

• Match the tea to the moment

English Breakfast for the morning; Earl Grey for afternoon elegance; and chamomile before bed.

• Drink quietly

Unless you happen to be a professional tea taster, avoid slurping. However, I believe it’s a ‘do’ to slurp when alone or in the company of tea connoisseurs.

• Enjoy the ritual

Tea is more than a drink — it’s a pause in the day, a moment of civility.

• Respect the biscuit hierarchy

Some biscuits are built for dunking, others are not. A sturdy digestive or a ginger nut can take the heat, but a delicate shortbread? Disaster awaits.

• Experiment

The tea scene is evolving, with speciality brews, bubble tea and wellness infusions gaining popularity. Look out for new etiquette developing around the ready-to-drink styles — for instance, sparkling tea is best served chilled. The styles and complexities of tea exceed those of wine.

What not to do with your tea

• Leave the spoon in the cup

Stir, then place it neatly on the saucer.

• Over-dunk biscuits

A second too long and you’ll be fishing out soggy crumbs.

• Microwave your tea

If it’s gone cold, make a fresh one. Microwaving dulls the flavour.

• Squeeze the teabag

It can release bitter tannins, spoiling the balance. Like much etiquette, this one is about being seen to do the right thing. If your preferred tea can withstand a squeeze without being bitter, then do it discreetly.

• Rush the process

A good pot takes time. Black tea needs 3–5 minutes; green tea needs perhaps two.

• Ignore your company

Tea is social. A good host ensures everyone’s cup is full before refilling their own.

• Confuse ‘high tea’ with ‘afternoon tea’

High tea was a hearty meal for workers; afternoon tea is a refined affair with scones and finger sandwiches.

• Dismiss personal preference

The phrase ‘not my cup of tea’ reflects British politeness — everyone’s perfect brew is different.